Module 8: Rotational Motion and Equilibrium
Introduction
Does a horse near the outside rail of a merry-go-round go faster than a horse near the inside rail? Assuming we are talking about linear speed then yes it does. But if we are talking about angular velocity, then no it doesn't. For every linear quantity there is an angular quantity that is similar, but different. This module has 10 lessons that will introduce the complex principles of rotational motion and equilibrium, be sure to work the practice problems for each module.
Students have reported that this module is the most demanding of the entire course, so don't wait to the last minute before working through it!
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, students will be able to:
- Differentiate between angular speed and linear speed.
- Define angular velocity.
- Define angular acceleration.
- Define torque and be able to calculate the torque applied to a body.
- Solve problems related to balancing object, using torque.
- Explain the rotational analogs of linear motion, including rotational inertia, rotational kinetic energy, and angular momentum.
- Provide examples of rotational motion and equilibrium.
- Relate the center of mass to balance.
- Differentiate between the center of mass and the center of gravity.
- Identify what is the center of mass of a collection of point particles.
- Determine what factors affect whether an object's stability, whether it stays upright or falls over
- Define statics.
- Use the basic laws of statics to calculate the various forces involved in a static system.
- Define rotational inertia, and know how to calculate the rotational inertia of point-like object
- Describe the kinetic energy of rotating objects.
- Define angular momentum and know in what circumstances it is conserved.
- Identify and solve problems where angular momentum conservation is applicable.
To Do List
1. Watch the Video Lectures (links below)
2. Complete the Practice Problems (links below)
3. Take the Module 8 Quiz
4. Complete the Exam Practice Problems for Module 8
Lessons
Lesson 8.1 Radians
In this lesson, radians will be introduced and defined.
- Video: Introduction to Radians Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.2 Angular Speed and Velocity
Angular speed is defined and the relationship between angular speed and linear speed investigated.
- Video: Angular Velocity Links to an external site.
- Video: Rotation and Linear Speed Links to an external site.
- Example: Merry-Go-Round Links to an external site.
- Example: Ball Rolling Without Slipping Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.3 Angular Acceleration
We extend the discussion of rotational motion to include angular acceleration.
- Video: Angular Acceleration Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.4 Torque
Torque is introduced and problems of balancing see-saws discussed.
- Video: Introduction to Torque Links to an external site.
- Demonstration: Torque Bar Links to an external site.
- Example: Balancing the Seesaw Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.5 Center of Mass
The center-of-mass of an object is introduced and it is shown how this must be used in problems concerning balance.
- Video: Center of Mass Links to an external site.
- Video: Center of Mass Versus Center of Gravity Links to an external site.
- Video: Center of Mass of Point Particles Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.6 Object Stability
Here we learn what determines if an object stays upright or falls over
- Video: When is an Object Stable? Links to an external site.
- Video: Stability and Equilibrium Links to an external site.
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.7 Statics
The subject of "statics" is an entire course in engineering. Here we review the two basic tenets of statics and show how many problems can be solved with just them.
- Video: Introduction to Statics Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Another example question with full written explanation Download Another example question with full written explanation
- Test Your Understanding
Lesson 8.8 Rotational Inertia
The concept of rotational inertia as "resistance to rotation" is introduced, first for point-like objects and then for extended objects.
- Video: Introduction to Rotational Inertia Links to an external site.
- Video: Rotational Inertia of Extended Objects Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.9 Rotational Kinetic Energy
We learn that rolling objects such as balls have kinetic energy because of the motion of the center of mass as well as the motion of the mass of the ball around the center of mass.
- Video: Kinetic Energy of Rotating Objects Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Test Your Understanding!
Lesson 8.10 Angular Momentum
The lesson concentrates on angular momentum. We look at the similarities of angular and linear momentum and at some surprising consequences of angular momentum conservation.
- Video: Introduction to Angular Momentum Links to an external site.
- Video: Angular Momentum in the Real World Links to an external site.
- Demonstration: Bike Wheel Links to an external site.
- Example: Angular Momentum Conservation Links to an external site.
- Practice Problems Download Practice Problems
- Written Solutions Download Written Solutions
- Video Solutions:
- Further worked example: An astronaut's problem with angular momentum conservation. Download Further worked example: An astronaut's problem with angular momentum conservation.
- Test Your Understanding!
Quiz
Once you have watched the lectures and completed the practice problems, you should demonstrate your understanding by taking the Module 8 Quiz. Be sure to submit the quiz before its deadline.
Survey
We ask you to take this Mid-Course Survey. Completing the survey will add an extra 2% to your overall course score (consider it extra credit). We want to have your feedback about how to make the course better!
Coming Up
In the next Module we will learn about Structure of Matter.